                <------BGP/PIM----->
   |<-IGMP/PIM->  multicast flow   <-PIM/IGMP->|
                     overlay

       BIER-TE  [BIER-TE Controller] <=> [BIER-TE Topology]
       control     ^      ^     ^
       plane      /       |      \   BIER-TE control protocol
                 |        |       |  (e.g., YANG/NETCONF/RESTCONF
                 |        |       |       PCEP/...)
                 v        v       v
 Src -> Rtr1 -> BFIR-----BFR-----BFER -> Rtr2 -> Rcvr

                |<----------------->|
              BIER-TE forwarding plane

                |<- BIER-TE domain->|

              |<--------------------->|
                  Routing underlay