+------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ |Client| |Server| |Client| |Server| +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ |=====Quotation Order=====>| |=====Quotation Order=====>| |<==========Offer==========| |<==========Offer==========| |===========Accept========>| |==========Decline========>| 1-Step Successful Negotiation 1-Step Failed Negotiation Cycle Cycle +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ |Client| |Server| |Client| |Server| +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ |===Quotation Order(a)====>| |===Quotation Order(i)====>| |<==========Offer==========| |<==========Offer==========| |==========Decline========>| |==========Decline========>| |===Quotation Order(b)====>| |===Quotation Order(j)====>| |<==========Offer==========| |<==========Offer==========| |===========Accept========>| |==========Decline========>| |===Quotation Order(k)====>| |<==========Offer==========| |==========Decline========>| |===Quotation Order(l)====>| |<==Fail to make an offer==| N-Step Negotiation Cycle: N-Step Negotiation Cycle: Successful Negotiation Failed Negotiation